Mbali za Ndege Yamalonda

Mbali Zazikulu za Ndege

Mexico ikudziphatikiza yokha, mochulukira, ngati dera loyenera kupanga zida zamlengalenga padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula ndi kulengedwa kwa mbali za ndege yamalonda, ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ndi mainjiniya odziwa bwino ntchito komanso akatswiri omwe angagwire ntchitoyi.

Kulakwitsa pang'ono kapena vuto la kupanga lidzakhala ndi zotsatira zowopsa kwa oyendetsa ndege ndi apaulendo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zofunikira za ndege yamalonda, kaya mukuphunzirira kukhala woyendetsa ndege kapena mainjiniya.

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Mexico yakwanitsa kudziyika yokha pakati pa mayiko akuluakulu padziko lapansi osati pongopereka magawo a ndege, komanso ngati malo opangira zinthu.

Kuthekera kwa zigawo zazikulu zomwe zimaperekedwa ku ntchitozi zimayang'ana pakupanga, kupanga ndi kusonkhanitsa magawo ovuta a airframe, monga ma turbines ndi zida zofikira.

Ngati mukufuna kugwira ntchito ngati woyendetsa ndege kapena mainjiniya muzamlengalenga zaku Mexico, muyenera kudziwa mbali zazikulu za ndege. Mbali zazikulu za ndege zamalonda ndi fuselage, Las mapiko , empennage, malo opangira magetsi ndi kuyenda pansi.

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Palinso mbali zina za mbali zazikuluzikuluzi zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti ndege iziuluka, komanso makina osiyanasiyana amene amathandiza kuti ndegeyo iziyenda bwino komanso okwera ndegeyo azimasuka.

Chingwe cha ndege

Mbali yaikulu ya ndege ndi fuselage. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhazikikapo: mapiko, mchira, zida zotera, control kanyumba, Ndi zina zotero.

Thupi la ndegeyo limasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu zopingasa komanso zotalika, ndikutsatiridwa ndi chitsulo.

Fuselage ikhoza kugawidwa m'chipinda cha Cabin ndi Katundu:

Chipinda cha ndege

Malo omwe ali kutsogolo kwa ndege kumene oyendetsa ndege amawulukira. Malo oyendera ndege amakono ali ndi zida zingapo zofunika kuwongolera ndege pansi komanso pouluka.

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Chipinda chonyamula katundu

Nthawi zambiri amakhala chakumbuyo kwa ndege, malo onyamula katundu amakhala ndi zonyamula anthu ndi katundu wina.

Fuselage Design

Zofunikira pakupanga ndege ya fuselage zimaperekedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a kukana kwakukulu. Izi zitha kutheka pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo izi:

• Thupi la fuselage la ndege limapangidwa m'njira yomwe imachepetsa kukana misala ya mpweya ndikuthandizira kuoneka kwa elevator;                                
• Amayang'ana pa kuphweka ndi kudalirika kwa kukonza magawo a mapiko, zipangizo zonyamuka ndi kutera, ndi magetsi;              
• Malo osungira katundu, malo ogona ndi katundu ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndegeyo ili ndi chitetezo chodalirika komanso chokhazikika pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito;  
• Malo ogwira ntchito ayenera kupereka zikhalidwe zowongolera bwino ndege, mwayi wopita kumayendedwe akuluakulu ndi zida zowongolera pazovuta kwambiri.        

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Ala wa ndege

Mapiko ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zamapangidwe a ndegeyo, sikuti amangopanga kukweza, komanso amathandizira kuyendetsa ndikuwongolera liwiro la ndege. Mapikowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azitha kunyamula ndi kutera, zida zamagetsi, mafuta, ndi zina.

Zigawo zazikulu za phiko ndi mndandanda wazinthu zotsatirazi:           

• Thupi lopangidwa ndi mitengo, zingwe, nthiti, zokongoletsera;              
• Slats ndi zipsepse zomwe zimapereka kunyamuka kosalala ndikutera;  
• Interceptors ndi ma ailerons: kuwongolera ndege mumlengalenga;                              
• Zoteteza mabuleki zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zichepetse liwiro la kuyenda pakutera;            
• Ma pyloni amafunikira kuti apange ma powertrains.

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Mapiko Design

Mapangidwe a mapiko ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri: phiko limapangidwa kuti lichepetse kukokera m'mphepete, kukweza kupyola mu kachigawo kakang'ono kake, ndikuwongolera kayendedwe ka mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete mwake.

Ndiponso, pamene akuuluka (i.e. opanda mphamvu ya injini), mapiko amalola woyendetsa kuwonjezereka ndi kuchepetsa liwiro lotsika.

Mitundu ya Mapiko a Ndege

Kugawika kwa mapiko a ndege kumachitika kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya zokutira zakunja, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:

Mtundu wa Spar

Amadziwika ndi makulidwe ang'onoang'ono a khungu, kupanga dera lotsekedwa ndi pamwamba pa mamembala a mbali.

Mtundu wa Monoblock

Katundu wamkulu wakunja amagawidwa pamwamba pa zotchingira zokhuthala, zokhazikitsidwa ndi zingwe zazikulu. Chovalacho chikhoza kukhala monolithic kapena kukhala ndi zigawo zingapo.

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injini za ndege

Ma motors amatulutsa mphamvu ndipo amapereka mphamvu ya hydraulic ndi magetsi. Ndege zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini, ngakhale kuti ndege za jet zimakondedwa ndi ndege zambiri zamalonda.

Injini kapena magetsi amatha kukhala kutsogolo kwa fuselage ya ndege kapena kumbuyo kwa ndegeyo. Mu ndege zamainjini ambiri, ma injini nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa mapiko mbali zonse.

Empennage

Gawo la empennage, kapena mchira, limapangidwa ndi vertical stabilizer ndi stabilizer yopingasa.

Chokhazikika chokhazikika

Chiwongolero chokhazikika chimaphatikizapo chiwongolero, chomwe chimalola ndege kutembenukira kumanzere kapena kumanja pafupi ndi mzere wolunjika wa ndegeyo ikayatsidwa. Chiwongolerocho chimayendetsedwa ndi ziwongolero zomwe zili mu chiwongolero.

Chokhazikika chokhazikika

The horizontal stabilizer imakhala ndi elevator yomwe imawongolera kukwera kwa ndege. Imathandiza kuti ndege ikhale yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika pamene ikuuluka. Imachita izi popereka mapiko ang'onoang'ono pamtunda wina kuchokera ku mapiko akuluakulu, kupanga kukweza kokwanira kuwongolera kukwera kwa ndege ndi kusunga bata.

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Kuyenda pansi

Awa ndi Magawo a Ndege Yokwera

Kunyamuka ndi kutera kumawerengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yoyenera pakugwira ntchito kwa ndegeyo.

Panthawi imeneyi, nsonga zazikuluzikulu zimachitika mu dongosolo lonse. Magiya okhazikika odalirika okha ndi omwe angatsimikizire kuthamangitsidwa kovomerezeka kwa kukwezedwa kwakumwamba komanso kukhudza kosalala pamtunda. Pouluka, amakhala ngati chinthu china choumitsa mapiko.

Ndege zambiri zakumtunda za injini imodzi zili ndi zida zotera pamatatu. Giya ya matricycle ili ndi mawilo akuluakulu awiri okhala ndi gudumu lakutsogolo kutsogolo.

Tawona m'njira zambiri kuti mbali za ndege yamalonda ndizomwe zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa ndege.

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Choncho, pamene magetsi amapereka mphamvu ndi mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira, fuselage kapena thupi la ndegeyo, limagwira zidutswa zonse pamodzi, ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe lili ndi malo ogwira ntchito ndi okwera ndege.

Makampani opanga ndege ku Mexico ndi jenereta wamkulu wa ntchito, zomwe zimaperekedwa pakupanga ndi zomangamanga, kupanga, ndi kukonza ndi kukonza ndege.

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